Adverse Reactions to Blood Components- A Twelve-Year Retrospective Study- A Step towards Prevention

Introduction: The transfusion of blood and components is a life-saving procedure in clinical practice. However, it associated with risks that can range from trivial self-limited Allergic Reactions (AR) to life endangering anaphylactic or haemolytic reactions. Aim: To analyse the pattern incidence related adverse events develop preventive strategies. Materials Methods: This was retrospective, observational study conducted at Department Pathology, PSG Institute Medical Sciences Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, on data Adverse Transfusion (ATR) reported bank over period 12 years January 2006 December 2018. ATRs were analysed respect gender, type component, nature reaction. collected tabulated analysis done using percentages. Results: A total 1,60,914 units Whole Blood (WB) issued during period. 271 reactions (129 females 142 males) documented constituting 0.168% products issued, majority due packed red cells (0.29%). AR maximum, accounting for 63.1% (n=171, 75 96 followed by Febrile Non Haemolytic (FNHTR) which 33.57% (n=91, 42 males 49 females). There four cases Associated Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), all males, 1.48% reactions, three anaphylactoid (2 1 male) 1.11% two reaction (0.73%). Conclusion: frequency present (271 out 1, 60,914 units), No bacterial contamination occurred It important ensure education nursing staff, interns, residents regarding correct transfusion, identification appropriate remedial measures same.